ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืงืœื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื›ื

ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ืžืคืชื— ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืคื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ื›ื™ื™ืคื™ืช ืฉื ืขื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื‘ื•ื•ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืคื™ืฆื—ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ื 7-12 ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉื—ืง, ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช, ื”ื ืื” ื•ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฆืœื—ื”.ย 

ย 

ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ

ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื” ื›ืฉืคื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืœืขื•ืžืช ืœืฉืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช. ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ืงืจืฉ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ืชื•ืจืžืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืื ื• ื ืขื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ื•ืกืจื˜ื™ื, ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜.

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื

ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ โ€“ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ.

ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื•ื ื’ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืขื™ืžื” ื•ื›ื™ื™ืคื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื•ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช. ื‘ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ 7- 12 ( ืœื›ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื’ื™ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืžืฉืœื” ) ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืชืื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื™ืœ.

ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื•ื›ืชืจื” ื›ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื™ืžื‘ืจื™ื’', ื•ื›ืš ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื, ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ื“ื™ืงื“ื•ืง ืื ื’ืœื™ ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ืฃ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™.

ย 

ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืงืœื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื›ื

ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื ื”. ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืฉื›ื™ืฃ ืœื”ื ื•ื ืขื™ื ืœื”ื, ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืกืงืจื ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืขื•ื“. ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฉืงื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 40 ื“ืงื•ืช. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืงื•ืจืก ื”ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ื™ื”ื ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืžืกืคืจ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืงืœื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื ืขื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ืช ืžื•ืจื” ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื ื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื ื•ืฉื, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื:

  • ืฉื™ืจื™ื
  • ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
  • ื™ืฆื™ืจื”
  • ื•ื™ื“ืื•
  • ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช
  • ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื”ืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช
  • ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืœืžื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜?

ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช! ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ื™ืฃ ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื ื•ืกื” ื•ืžื™ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืงื” ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืืœืคื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื ืœื ืจืง ื™ืจื›ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืืœื ื’ื ื™ื”ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.

ย 

ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” โ€“ ืžืคืชื— ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”

ื‘ื•ื•ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ ื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืคืจื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงืจื™ืื”, ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื™ื”ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจื”, ืžืฉื—ืง ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื ื”, ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ืขืชื™ื“ ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ืขื ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ

ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ืœืง ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ืขืžื•ื“?
ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื

5 ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื” ืœืฆื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ

ื”ืฆื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžืœื—ื™ืฆื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช

ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”

ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”. ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžืžื ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื

ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœืš

ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืฉื—ืงืŸ ืื—ื“ ืœืื—ืจ. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื, ืืš ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื ื™. ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืžืจืชืง ืื•ืชื ื•, ืœื›ืŸ, ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ

ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืงื–ื™ื ื•: ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืคืจื•ืช ืืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื

ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืœ: ืฉืžื—ื”, ืขืฆื‘ ื•ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช. ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื–ื ื” ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื

ืžืืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืื•ืœืคื ื™ื: ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”

ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื—ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื˜, ืขืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืคืจื˜, ืื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื ืจื‘ืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ

ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืœื™ืœื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืงืฆื‘: ืื™ืš ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืจืชืงืช

ื‘ื ื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžืชืคืชื— ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืจืฃ, ื”ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืคืชื— ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืจืชืงื•ืช. ืื—ืช ื”ื”ืชืžื–ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™

ืœื”ืื–ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ โ€“ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช

ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–, ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืื–ื ื” ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.

7 ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ

ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•"ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืจื’ืฉืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ืจื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื, ืžืขื˜ ื”ื›ื ื” ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื ืกื™ืขื” ื—ืœืงื” ื•ืžื”ื ื”.

ืื™ืš ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื? ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ืžืคืฆื—ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื—ืฆื™ื

ืชืฉื—ืฆื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืš ืžื”ื ื” ื•ืžืืชื’ืจืช ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืงื— ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืชืฉื—ืฆื™ื ืฉืœื• ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืงื™ื

ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื: ืื™ืš ืœืคืขื ื— ืฉืคืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืคื•ืงืจ

ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ืคื•ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ื• ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืœื›ื.ย  ย  ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืคืช

4 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื“ืจื’ื• ืืช ื—ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืื•ืคื ื•ืข

ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ืืชื’ืจ ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ. ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืืชื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื•ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืืœื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื•ืข ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช

ืžืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช: ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”. ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžืžืœื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืžื’ื–ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืžืื•ื“